In Hindu tradition, Triveni Sangam is the confluence of three rivers. Sangam is the Sanskrit word for confluence. The point of confluence is a sacred place for Hindus. A bath here is said to flush away all of one’s sins and free one from the cycle of rebirth. The Triveni Sangam in Prayagraj (Allahabad) is the confluence of two physical rivers Ganga, Yamuna, and the subterranean mystic Saraswati River.

The rivers maintain their identity and are visibly different as they merge. While the Yamuna is deep, calm, and greenish in colour, the Ganga is shallow, forceful, and clear. The Saraswati remains hidden, but the faithful believe that she makes her presence felt underwater. At the confluence of these two great Indian rivers, where the invisible Saraswati conjoins them, Hindu pilgrims take boats to bathe from platforms erected at the confluence.

The migration of seagulls to the subcontinent, particularly to areas like Prayagraj, during the months of October to March, holds significance within the local ecology and beliefs. They feed on whatever is made available by the rivers and the pilgrims, as also the boats cruising by.

Seagulls migrating to regions like Prayagraj, which lies in the Indian subcontinent, can be attributed to the bird’s natural instinct to escape harsh winters in their native habitats. These migratory patterns are observed globally among various bird species seeking warmer climates during colder seasons.

The arrival of annual visitors — the Siberian gull (Larus fuscus heuglini) — at the Triveni Sangam in Allahabad heralds the onset of winter. With the onset of winter, these Siberian birds spread their wings to take a flight of thousands of kilometres all the way from Siberia via Afghanistan, Mongolia and Tibet crossing high Himalayan mountains.

These Siberian birds present a mesmerising view at the Sangam throughout the winter season as if waiting to take a holy dip along with the lakhs of pilgrims who arrive here especially during the month of January for the month-long Magh Mela. Bobbing up and down along with the ripples in the calm waters, these Siberian birds are an added attraction for the pilgrims and tourists thronging here during the winter months.

These birds are human-friendly and can be seen sitting on boats also occupied by the pilgrims and tourists.

Feeding Siberian Gulls while sailing over the Sangam at Prayagraj. Surreal experience!#birdwatching #birdphotography pic.twitter.com/YPaEKABEC3

— Dr. Judhajit Roy Choudhury (@drjudhajitroyc) January 8, 2021

The whiteness of the birds dazzles on the waters of Ganga and Yamuna. These Siberian birds present a mesmerizing view at the Sangam throughout the winter season as if waiting to take a holy dip along with the pilgrims.

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A post shared by Indrajit Roy Choudhury (@indroyc)

These birds map their route of arrival like a magnetic compass needle and would follow the exact flyway on their way back home. Migrating birds navigate using celestial cues from the sun and stars, the earth’s magnetic field, and probably also mental maps.

A surprising behaviour has been noticed in the migration of these birds. The young ones guide thousands of migratory birds to the holy city of Allahabad every year. But when they fly back, the female birds lead the entire flock. Nothing concrete has yet been discovered as to what guides the young ones to such far-off places even when it is their first trip to an unknown place.

Their migration cycle, lasting about six months, holds valuable lessons for humans.

• Of endurance — a journey of thousands of kilometres in which lives are lost, the dead are grieved and the journey is continued.
• Of community feeling — without which such journeys cannot be accomplished.
• Of coexistence — whereby the native and migrant species live side-by-side.

The presence of migrating seagulls in Prayagraj during the mentioned months is likely to be perceived not only as a natural phenomenon but also as a part of the cultural and spiritual fabric of the local community, intertwining ecology with beliefs and traditions.