Rock is raw material in situ. Stone usually connotes either human handling or human use.
Hidden in the rugged hills of Sidhi, Madhya Pradesh, the prehistoric shrine of Baghor shelters a triangular stone believed to be over 11,000 years old—perhaps the earliest symbol of the Mother Goddess in India. Discovered by archaeologists in the 1970s, it continues to be worshipped today, bridging prehistory and faith in a timeless ode to the divine feminine.
India's rich history and vibrant culture are encapsulated in the legacy of Emperor Ashoka, particularly through the Rock Edicts found near the Dhauli Stupa in Odisha. These inscriptions, written in ancient scripts, highlight Ashoka's transformative journey from a conqueror to a proponent of peace and compassion, advocating for religious tolerance and ethical governance. His teachings remain relevant today, offering timeless lessons of empathy and understanding against modern conflicts.
The Pakri Barwadih megalithic site in Jharkhand, India, reveals the advanced astronomical knowledge of ancient civilizations. Dating back over 3,000 years, these monumental stones were used as observatories and calendars, marking seasonal festivals. Despite its significance, the site faces threats from urbanization and neglect. Preservation efforts are crucial to maintain this cultural heritage, which offers insights into human history and wisdom. Protecting Pakri Barwadih ensures future generations can appreciate this archaeological treasure.
Jeita Grotto, nestled in Keserwan, Lebanon, is a remarkable limestone cave network featuring spectacular stalactites and stalagmites, and a subterranean river. Home to one of the largest hanging stalactites globally, the 9-kilometre-long system encompasses two main galleries - the upper and lower, which can be explored by foot and boat respectively. Noted for its natural beauty, it's one of Lebanon's leading attractions. Rediscovered in 1836, Jeita Grotto's karstic structures were formed over millions of years due to the dissolution of limestone.
During the recent New Year holiday, we hosted relatives and friends from Kolkata who visited us for three days. We explored nearby attractions, including Itkhori, Dassam Falls, and Rajrappa. The visit to Dassam Falls was a highlight, as we marveled at the 144-foot waterfall, watched Adivasi dance, and trekked to the base. The geological marvel and delicious snacks made it a truly unforgettable experience, blending nature, culture, and adventure.
During a pilgrimage to Shirdi with my mother, we took a detour to the Ajanta Caves, rather than Ellora, due to the rains. The stunning rock-cut caves, dating back to the second century BCE, showcased viharas, stupas, and prayer halls with exquisite paintings and sculptures. These ancient marvels, depicting Buddhist traditions and narratives, offered a glimpse into the rich cultural legacy of ancient India, reflecting exquisite craftsmanship and vibrant artistry.
The Raouché, a timeless symbol of Lebanese capital Beirut is its most famous landmark. Off the coast of Raouché, there is a natural landmark called the Pigeons' Rock, its Arabic name translates to rock and is believed to be a derivative of the French word rocher. It is also known as the Rock of Raouché. This 60-meter high offshore rock couple was formed in the prehistoric era by a geologic movement. These two huge rock formations, made of sedimentary pale soft porous limestone rock eroded over millions of years, stand like gigantic sentinels on the Mediterranean Sea.
The Sun Temple Konark in Odisha, India, is a 13th-century architectural masterpiece dedicated to the Hindu Sun God, Surya. Known as the Black Pagoda, the temple is notable for its chariot-like design, intricate carvings, and historical significance. Despite some decay and vandalism over time, the temple remains a captivating UNESCO World Heritage Site and a testament to ancient Indian craftsmanship and culture.
