Gumla, a district once grappling with poverty and insurgency in Jharkhand, is now witnessing a remarkable transformation. Located about 100 km from Ranchi, its undulating terrain posed significant challenges to farming. The majority of the population relied on rain-fed agriculture for sustenance, cultivating paddy—a water-intensive crop that often fetched them a meagre earning of Rs 16 or Rs 17 per kilogram. For decades, these conditions perpetuated a cycle of poverty and limited growth opportunities.

But in recent years, Gumla has undergone a dramatic transformation, earning the moniker ‘Ragi Capital of India.’ This transformation, known as the Ragi Revolution, stands as a shining example of how traditional wisdom and modern practices can work together to uplift communities.

Why Ragi?

Ragi, also known as finger millet, is a nutrient-rich, drought-resistant crop perfectly suited for Gumla’s terrain. Its cultivation requires significantly less water compared to rice, making it ideal for areas that depend on erratic rainfall. In 2023, declared the ‘International Year of Millets’ by the United Nations, the stage was set for India to lead the way in promoting these climate-resilient grains. Gumla seized this opportunity to reimagine its agricultural practices.

The Seeds of Change

The Ragi Revolution in Gumla began with a concerted effort to provide farmers with access to high-quality seeds. These were procured through the National Seed Corporation and distributed among the farming community. Training sessions were organised to introduce scientific farming practices, empowering farmers to maximise their yields.

When Sushant Gaurav was posted as Deputy Commissioner (DC) in February 2022, he realized that paddy cultivation was unsustainable and unsuitable for the region. Under his leadership, the district administration shifted its focus to promoting Ragi cultivation. The results were unprecedented. Within just 18 months, Ragi cultivation expanded from a modest 1,300 acres to a staggering 30,000 acres. This exponential growth not only improved agricultural productivity but also brought financial stability to countless households.

Empowering Women Through Ragi Processing

Recognising the economic potential of Ragi, self-help groups (SHGs) led by women played a crucial role in the revolution. These groups established Ragi processing units, where raw millet was transformed into value-added products like Ragi laddus and snacks. These units began producing one tonne of Ragi-based products daily, creating a new source of income for the local community and establishing Gumla as a hub for millet-based foods.

Tackling Malnutrition and Improving Health

Ragi’s nutritional benefits have also had a profound impact on public health in Gumla. Rich in calcium, iron, and dietary fibre, Ragi has been a game-changer in combating malnutrition. Ragi laddus were distributed to children and lactating mothers, addressing nutritional deficiencies in vulnerable populations. This initiative complemented other health programs, including the establishment of health check-up units in Anganwadis.

Sustainable Agriculture and Infrastructure

The Ragi Revolution also emphasised sustainability. Solar lift systems and drip irrigation were introduced to optimise water usage, while ponds were renovated to ensure year-round water availability. Pilot projects for organic farming were launched, further promoting eco-friendly agricultural practices.

A Community-Led Movement Recognised Globally

While the revolution was led by the district administration, it was the collective effort of Gumla’s farmers, women, and community leaders that made it a success. Farmers in Gumla are now embracing ragi farming, driven by government initiatives and the active participation of women-led Farmer Producer Organisations (FPOs).

Among the key figures who played a pivotal role in this transformation was IAS officer Sushant Gaurav, whose leadership and vision provided the necessary momentum for the initiative. By working collaboratively with the community, he ensured that the benefits of the revolution were widespread and inclusive.

The Ragi Revolution in Gumla has also gained international recognition. Harvard Business School has included it as a significant case study, highlighting how the district’s innovative strategies—including the involvement of self-help groups and the development of millet-based snack products—have transformed Gumla into the “Ragi Capital of India.”

A Model for the Future

The Ragi Revolution in Gumla has not only improved the district’s economic standing but also set an example for other regions grappling with similar challenges. By focusing on a crop that is both climate-resilient and nutritionally rich, Gumla has demonstrated how sustainable agriculture can be a powerful tool for social and economic development.

As the Ragi Revolution continues to thrive, it serves as a reminder that the path to progress lies in embracing both innovation and inclusivity. Gumla’s story is not just about a district’s transformation; it is about the power of resilience, collaboration, and the unwavering belief in a better future.