The Indian Independence Movement was a series of historic events in South Asia with the ultimate aim of ending British colonial rule. It lasted until 1947, when the Indian Independence Act 1947 was passed. The first nationalistic movement for Indian independence emerged in the Province of Bengal.
On 11 August, we respectfully remember Khudiram Bose, one of India’s youngest freedom fighters, who was martyred in 1908 at just 18. His bravery in the face of colonial rule inspired the nation. Khudiram faced death fearlessly, leaving a lasting legacy. Today, we honour him by renewing our commitment to justice, courage, and service to the country.
The Anushilan Samiti, operating during British colonial rule in India, was a clandestine revolutionary organization that advocated armed resistance. It emerged as a reaction to the moderate methods of the Indian National Congress, emphasizing physical fitness, martial training, and social responsibility. Members engaged in propaganda and armed attacks on British officials. Despite facing repression, the Samiti continued to operate clandestinely and played a significant role in the independence movement, inspiring generations of revolutionaries.
Dr. Bidhan Chandra Roy, celebrated on India's National Doctor's Day, left a profound mark on medicine and public service. His perseverance and impact are evident from his early days at St. Bartholomew’s Hospital to his contributions to Indian politics and society. Dr. Roy's legacy is honored through institutions bearing his name and his receipt of India's highest civilian honor, the Bharat Ratna. He remains an inspirational figure, showcasing unwavering dedication to his profession and people.
On May Day, we honour the labour movement and Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose's contributions to workers' rights, including his role in the Tata Steel trade union. His advocacy and leadership secured fundamental rights for workers, reshaping India's industrial landscape. His legacy demonstrates the intersection of freedom struggle and labour movements, inspiring solidarity and social justice.
Rashbehari Ghosh, a prominent Bengali advocate and philanthropist, defied English authority and excelled in the field of law. He opposed the partition of Bengal, supported the Swadeshi movement, and championed technical education, leaving a lasting impact on Indian society. He established educational institutions and supported scientific endeavors. His legacy as a nationalist and freedom fighter endures through institutions like Jadavpur University.
Lahiri Diwas is an annual commemoration in Gonda jail, Uttar Pradesh, honouring the fearless revolutionary Rajendranath Lahiri, known for his major role in India's independence movement and execution on December 17, 1927. Lahiri, born in 1901 in Bengal, demonstrated exceptional courage, breaking societal norms and conducting revolutionary activities, including the notorious Kakori train robbery. Despite his death sentence, he expressed undying resilience and belief in a liberated India. Today, this event celebrates his sacrifice, featuring cultural festivities and reinforcement of his enduring belief.
Birsa Munda, an iconic figure in tribal resistance, spearheaded a rebellion against British colonial rule in late 19th-century India. Born in 1875, he mobilized tribal communities in resistance to British oppression, campaigned for social reform, and sought to establish self-governance rooted in tribal customs. Despite his relatively short life, his legacy continues to inspire tribal rights and autonomy movements internationally. Today, his contributions to India's tribal movements are recognized, and his birth anniversary is commemorated as 'Janjatiya Gaurav Divas’ (Tribal Pride Day).
On the 75th anniversary of India's independence, we also commemorate the 150th birth anniversary of Sri Aurobindo, a visionary leader in India's freedom struggle. He emphasized the spiritual foundation of India's strength and advocated for complete independence from British rule, envisioning a society rooted in spirituality and human unity.
Prime Minister Narendra Modi announced the installation of a grand statue of Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose at India Gate, New Delhi, in celebration of the 125th birth anniversary of the revered freedom fighter. Until the statue's completion, a hologram of Netaji will stand in its place, to be unveiled on January 23rd. This gesture pays homage to Bose's pivotal role in India’s struggle for independence and his enduring legacy.
India celebrates Republic Day on January 26th to honor the enactment of its Constitution in 1950. This marked the country's transition to a sovereign republic, free from British rule. The original handcrafted Constitution is now preserved in India's Parliament library. Beyond national pride, the day holds personal significance for many, reflecting on love, sacrifice, and service. Celebrations include flag-unfurling ceremonies and sharing stories and snacks.
